集中了大量人口和财富的城市是受气候变化影响严重的地区。本文介绍了国内外主要城市适应气候变化的行动，提出城市适应气候变化的首要任务是灾害风险管理。以上海为例，指出高温频发、强降水增多、海平面上升、平均风速降低等因素导致城市能源、供水、防洪除涝、农业、大气环境等领域面临较大风险，并从制度体系、能力建设和科普宣传3个层面详细阐述了基于机制创新的上海城市气候变化综合灾害风险治理实践。
Climate change has significant impact on cities which usually are important social-economical centers with huge populations.This study reviewed climate change adaption actions in major meg-cities in the world，and suggested that disaster risk reduction management is the city’s primary task for adapting to climate change. Taking Shanghai as a case study，it shows that several climate factors，such as the frequent hot days，increasing heavy precipitation，rising sea levels，and reducing average wind speed，have increased climate change risks in several urban sectors，especially in energy，water，flood control，agriculture and atmosphere environment.This paper represents the Shanghai’s comprehensive climate change risk management practices which are based on the mechanism innovation，including institutional system，capacity building and popular science outreach.
