Carrying out the national carbon peak pilot is an important policy to implement the goal of carbon dioxide emission peak by 2030，and has important demonstration significance for promoting different regions to explore effective ways to reach carbon peak and carbon neutralization. This paper reviews the history of China’s low-carbon pilot work，studies and analyzes the progress of the first batch of national carbon peak pilot cities and parks launched in 2023，and points out four challenges in carrying out carbon peak pilot work. First，local zero-carbon and low-carbon energy resources are limited in some areas；second，it is difficult for some areas to obtain external low-carbon and zero-carbon energy resources；third，the reform of carbon peak pilot system and mechanism needs to be broken through；fourth，the basic data and basic capabilities of carbon peak pilot work need to be consolidated. It also put forward several suggestions for the pilot cities and park authorities to promote the carbon peak pilot work in the next stage. First，they should keep up with the pace of national reform and the latest policy trends and do a solid job in implementing policies. Second，the pilot cities and park authorities should strengthen energy conservation and energy efficiency efforts，promote energy conservation and carbon reduction transformation in key areas，and third，create new modes and formats for renewable energy development and utilization，and stimulate endogenous power for renewable energy consumption. Fourth，we should actively connect with green finance and other market means to better play the role of financial instruments；fifth，we should improve the supervision level of carbon emission through digital intelligence and other means.