Climate change is impacting the globe at unprecedented speed and scale. As one of the regions most severely threatened，Africa has seen significant climate change trends in recent years，with frequent extreme weather events and exacerbated climate disasters. These factors are seriously impacting agricultural production，leading to hunger and malnutrition among vulnerable populations，increasing pressure on natural resources such as water，and threatening public well-being and social stability，posing significant challenges to sustainable development. Early warning systems are an effective means to address climate change and promote sustainable development，offering significant socio-economic benefits. However，Africa currently faces numerous issues in the construction and implementation of early warning systems，including insufficient observation capacity，underdeveloped infrastructure，lack of scientific expertise，and political instability，which hinder the effectiveness of early warnings. In recent years，with the support of bilateral and multilateral working mechanisms，progress has been made in Africa’s early warning system development，enhancing its capacity to respond to climate change. This paper suggests further strengthening a people-centered approach，improving personnel skills，promoting multi-dimensional and smart early warning systems，and continuously enhancing early warning capabilities. This will provide a solid foundation for achieving sustainable development in Africa.