能源转型是COP28达成的“阿联酋共识”中最重要的内容，通过对其形成过程、磋商焦点、内容要点和意义进行评述和分析，发现“阿联酋共识”实现了几个突破：①明确提出能源转型的原则，即公正、有序和公平；②首次覆盖所有化石能源，释放出明确的全球告别化石能源的信号；③首次提出全球可再生能源和能效发展目标，对能源市场有积极引导意义；④肯定末端治理技术的意义，同时在一定程度上限定应用场景。此外，以中英为案例，对基于国情的能源转型实践进行了简要分析，指出中国采取“先立后破”策略，英国“立”“破”并举，进入以“破”为主的阶段，都有其必然性和合理性，都为“阿联酋共识”的形成提供了支持。本文最后指出，由于国情各异，各国能源转型的步伐可能不同，但发展方向应该与“阿联酋共识”保持一致。中国应适时从“先立后破”的路径选择过渡到“立破并举”。
Energy Transition（ET）is the most important outcome of UAE Consensus agreed on COP29. The following findings are identified，based on the analysis of the negotiation process，key arguments and main content related to ET：1）the principle of ET is determined，as just and orderly and equitable；2）the coverage of the transition goes to all fossil fuels for the first time by concluding “transitioning away from fossil fuels” globally；3）the global renewable energy and energy efficiency targets are declared also for the first time，providing positive guidance to global energy market；4）the role of abated technology is confirmed but limiting its application to certain sectors. In addition，this paper takes China and United Kingdom as examples to provide ET practices based on national circumstance. In China，the strategy of “construction first，replacement second” as adopted，whereas in UK，the replacement of clean power to fossil power have been largely observed. Both are making sense and contributing to the agreement of UAE Consensus. Finally，the paper concludes that the pace of the ET in different countries may be different as the national circumstance varies，however，the direction of energy development should keep consistent with UAE Consensus.
