《巴黎协定》建立了全球盘点机制，旨在弥补目标与全球愿景之间、行动进展与行动目标之间的差距。《生物多样性公约》在近期执行机制谈判中高度关注是否及如何通过全球盘点或审查强化实施。本文通过梳理全球盘点机制的形成渊源、设计要素、最新实施进展，结合正在进行的《巴黎协定》第一轮全球盘点所反映的问题，总结了盘点机制实施面临的挑战，包括信息输入存在时滞性或缺口，信息来源广泛导致盘点结论的不确定性，以及盘点结果难以确保全面、平衡、有效等，提出了盘点机制应以推动落实为出发点，以识别问题和提出解决方案为重点，坚持盘点信息输入的需求导向以及盘点内容的全面、平衡、效率原则等建议。
The Paris Agreement established a global stocktake mechanism that aims to bridge the gaps between goals and global visions，and between progress and action targets. In the recent negotiations on the implementation mechanism of the Convention on Biological Diversity，great attention has been paid to whether and how to strengthen the implementation through the global stocktake or review. By analyzing the formation，framing elements and the latest progress of the global stocktake，also taking into account of the ongoing first-round global stocktake under the Paris Agreement，this paper identifies challenges for the implementation of the global stocktake，including a lack of timeliness and integrity of input information，the uncertainty of conclusion because of the wide information inputs，and the deficiency of comprehensive，balanced and effective outcomes. It is suggested that the global stocktake should start from promoting the implementation，focus on identifying problems and proposing practical solutions，adhere to the demand-oriented information input，and uphold the comprehensive，balanced and efficient principles of stocktake process.
