Global climate change and extreme weather events have a wide impact on public health in China，causing various health problems including diseases，injuries，or even premature deaths，which could in turn reduce labor capacity and lead to considerable socioeconomic losses. In order to address the health risks of climate change，China has taken a series of strategies and actions，including the assessment of health risk vulnerability，development and implementation of early warning systems，etc. However，the current measures cannot fully address the increasing health risks in the context of climate change. China has now announced the timelines for CO₂ emission peaking and carbon neutrality. To achieve this goal，China should accelerate the adjustment and optimization of industrial and energy structure，which is expected to bring external health co-benefits，and further contribute to the realization of “Beautiful China” and “Healthy China”.