Qinghai province located in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau，with a total area of 722300 square kilometers and an average altitude of over 3000 meters，is the birthplace of the Yangtze，Yellow and Lantsang rivers，and reputed as the “China Water Tower”. The climate generally characterized with alpine-cold and arid，is featured as：low annual mean temperature，considerable diurnal temperature range，less but concentrated rainfall，large geographical differences，long sunshine duration and strong solar radiation among others. Due to frequent meteorological disasters，Qinghai is a region with vulnerable ecological environment and slow social and economic development in northwestern China，and also a “sensitive area” and a “vulnerable zone” to the changing climate and environment in China and even in East Asia. Its ecosystem，which is an important component of China’s “ecological source” and an important carbon sink，plays an important role in maintaining national ecological security. In the coming future，Qinghai will be faced with non-negligible climate risks due to the increasing air temperature and extreme climate events，such as heat wave and heavy precipitation. Therefore，we have to work harder to protect ecological environment.