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土耳其《2023年愿景》:路径、成效和中土合作前景

文章摘要

土耳其正义与发展党于2011年提出土耳其《2023年愿景》,从政治、经济、社会与外交等方面设定了土耳其的百年发展目标,即摆脱土耳其的“桥梁”国家定位,扮演“中枢”国家并最终成为一支全球性力量。因此,《2023年愿景》成为土耳其国家发展的战略性指导文件。无论是国家发展五年规划还是各产业部门的发展计划均以该战略为轴心,制订了详细的分阶段实施计划;形成了以投资拉动增长的经济发展方式,以人口增长、文化教育和医疗健康为重点的社会文化繁荣方式,以及以进取性外交为特点的政策框架,不断拓展和丰富“土耳其模式”的内涵,也极大地提高了土耳其的国家影响力。中土两国努力寻求“一带一路”倡议和“中间走廊”计划的对接,两国在双边贸易、投资、工程承包和金融领域的合作成果颇丰。中土同为发展中国家和制造业大国,都重视制造业、贸易、产业政策与经济增长对国家发展和进步的重要性。目前,土耳其已完成《2023年愿景》的大部分战略目标,“能源枢纽”建设布局和“2053年运输和物流建设总体规划”已经完成。在新冠肺炎疫情和乌克兰危机背景下,土耳其到了实现2023年愿景目标的最后冲刺阶段,中土两国应加深政治互信,夯实合作基础、实现优势互补,共同探索新兴经济体和发展中国家的发展之路。

Abstract

The Justice and Development Party put forward Turkey’s Vision 2023 in 2011,and set the Centennial Development Goal of the Republic of Turkey in terms of politics,economy,society and diplomacy. Turkey will be the “hub” and eventually become a global power. To this end,Vision 2023 has become a strategic guidance document for national development. Both the national five-year development plan and the development plans of various industrial sectors take this strategy as the axis,and a detailed phased implementation plan has been designed. A policy framework characterized by an investment-driven economic development mode,a social and cultural prosperity mode focusing on population growth,culture,education,and medical care,and an aggressive diplomacy has been formed,which has continuously expanded and enriched the connotation of the “Turkish Model”,meanwhile also greatly enhanced Turkey’s national influence. China and Turkey have made great efforts to seek the connection between the “Belt and Road” initiative and the “Middle Corridor” plan,and the cooperation between the two countries in the fields of bilateral trade,investment,project contracting and finance has yielded fruitful results. China and Turkey are both developing countries and manufacturing countries. They all attach great importance to the importance of manufacturing,trade,industrial policy and economic growth to national development and progress. At present,Turkey has completed most of the strategic goals of the “Vision 2023”,the “Energy Hub” construction layout and the “2053 Transport and Logistics Construction Master Plan” have been completed,but in the context of the pandemic and the Ukraine Crisis,Turkey has also achieved realization. In the final sprint stage of Vision 2023,the two countries should deepen political mutual trust,consolidate the foundation of cooperation,realize complementary advantages,and jointly explore the development path of emerging economies and developing countries.

作者简介
魏敏:魏敏,中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所研究员,中国社会科学院大学教授、博士生导师,主要研究方向为中东经济,中东国家工业化研究,以及土耳其政治、经济、社会发展研究。
李炜懿:李炜懿,中国社会科学院国际政治经济学院硕士研究生,主要研究方向为中东经济。