Poverty elimination in border areas should not only solve local poverty and development problems，but also bear the higher strategic goals of maintaining social stability and ensuring the stability of national border defense. The four regions in southern Xinjiang belongs the “three regions and three prefectures” in China，which have their particularity in geographical location，resource endowment，ecological environment，cultural background，development stage and development ability，This area has being an arduous task of poverty alleviation of both Xinjiang and China for the large number of poor people，the wide area of poverty，and depth of poverty. In accordance with a series plans made by the state and the autonomous region on poverty elimination，Xinjiang has coordinated all forces base on its actual conditions，made a breakthrough in shoring up its weak links，and established a high-quality targeted poverty alleviation mechanism focusing on agricultural and pastoral areas，border areas and people living in extreme poverty. It is ensure that by 2020，Xinjiang will win the battle against poverty and achieve a moderately prosperous society on the scheduled of the whole nation.