Japan’s study of environmental literature has developed since the early 1990s，under the influence of American literature. The present situation and future of Japan’s study can be examined through the review of its historical development and related concepts and theories. The ideological prerequisite of Japan’s study of environmental literature is the anti-anthropocentrism，which is quite different from the existing studies of the natural representation in the field of literature. Moreover，the starting point of Japan’s study of environmental literature is to study the natural writing of the reality，which is closely related to the re-thinking of the literary paradigm，and is an important part of the re-examination of the literary history. The core content of natural writing is one-time experience and the understanding of the relationship between man and nature. It is necessary for the rethinking of this concept of sympathetic to criticize the “body-changing” story，the dance and the view theory，and need to re-study the existing literary elements from the perspective of environmental literature. However，the study of environmental literature in Japanese literature has not yet been able to reflect on the whole history of Japanese literature. It is recommended that Japan’s study of environmental literature should be carried out in various historical stages，such as ancient，middle and modern times.