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白人至上主义回潮与美利坚“分众国”的浮现

文章摘要

宣扬白人至上的极端种族主义思潮在美国从未绝迹,2017年随着特朗普上台,颇有愈演愈烈之势,除数量激增外,还显露出虚拟与现实相结合、世俗主义政治色彩浓郁、年轻化等新特征。更重要的是,白人至上主义回潮之势在特朗普政府的国家治理逻辑中微妙体现,无论选人用人、处理犯罪问题和制定移民政策,还是处理突发危机,特朗普及其团队均显得与该团体过从甚密、有所呼应。追本溯源,这同美国社会近年来尤为突出的贫富分化、身份政治与分配政治谜思、社会对“政治正确”高压的反弹密切相关。从影响看,白人至上主义“卷土重来”不仅导致了“美国反对美国”的国内“撕裂”情势,某种程度上也促使特朗普在国际舞台上依“白人至上=美国优先”思维而采取“退出主义”的外交政策,进而扰动国际秩序。可以说,白人至上主义从政治舞台边缘走向前台之日,便是美国在“分众国”道路上渐行渐远之时。

Abstract

White supremacy still casts a shadow over the Trump presidency after a year of controversy,which is seemingly on the rise in 2017.Apart from a dramatic difference in quantity,some new features also appeared,such as taking more advantage of network,prowling into the center of American politics,and getting younger,etc. More importantly,White supremacy characterizes Trump government's governing logic in almost all respects,from personnel arrangement and immigration policy,to dealing with crime and sudden crisis. Contributing to the rising of white supremacy,the widening gap between the rich and poor,complication of identity and distribution politics,and the rebound against the absolute“political correctness” plays greater role than others. As to the influence,the resurging white supremacy not only creates a social division of “American against American” but also leads the U.S. to gradual abdication from its prior dominance. In other words,a “divided States of America” would inevitably ensue should white supremacy prevail.

作者简介
王聪悦:王聪悦,中国社会科学院美国研究所助理研究员,主要研究领域为美国社会文化、社会思潮与社会运动。
姬虹: