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21世纪海上丝绸之路建设:进展、问题与对策

文章摘要

“一带一路”倡议已走过5年。作为其海上合作方向,21世纪海上丝绸之路建设也取得了丰硕成果,越来越多国家参与到这场共享蓝色机遇的发展浪潮中。5年来,海丝建设规划与政策得以细化拓展和广泛沟通,海上联通空间布局延伸到“四洋联动”,海陆沟通与“一带一路”衔接加强,海洋经贸、投资、环境等领域合作有效推进,多渠道海洋人文交流协同拓展,多国各方正共筑四海融通的发展格局。与此同时,海丝建设过程中也遇到了国际地缘政经博弈、共建国内部局势变动、海丝建设主观认知有待提升、外界理解认同差异、推进过程有待完善等问题,制约了海丝建设的实际效果与长远发展。面对这些问题,要推动海丝建设进一步走实走深,离不开大处着眼和小处着手的结合,需完善“一带一路”顶层设计,统筹海陆平衡发展;着力构建新型国际关系,增进大国政治互信;深化国别调查研究,加强政治生态沟通;拓展海丝公共外交,推进民心相通相向;科学评估海丝实践,循序渐进推动建设;统筹国内海丝行动,化竞争为协同合力。

Abstract

The Belt and Road Initiative has already gone through 5 years anniversary. As its direction of maritime cooperation,21st Century Maritime Silk Road construction has yielded rich fruits too,more and more countries have taken part in this development wave which sharing blue opportunities. In five years,the plans and policies of Maritime Silk Road construction have achieved refinement,expansion and wider communication,the spatial arrangement of maritime connectivity has extent to “interconnection among four oceans”,interconnection between land and sea as well as linkage between the Belt and the Road have strengthened,the maritime cooperation in economy,trade,investment,environment and other fields has achieved effective promotion,multi-channel people to people exchanges have achieved collaborative expansion,multi-countries and parties are co-building development pattern of common prosperity among four oceans. At the same time,there are some problems in the Maritime Silk Road construction such as international geopolitical-economic game,domestic situation change of joint construction countries,fuzzy subjective cognition of Maritime Silk Road construction,different understanding and identity of the outsider world,unreasoning impetuosity of advancing process and so on,which have restricted real effect and long-term development of Maritime Silk Road construction. Facing with these problems,if we want to promote further Maritime Silk Road construction both in substance and depth,we can’t do without the combination between large part have something in mind and small part begins,we need to perfect top-level design of Belt and Road,overall planning the balanced development of land and sea;making efforts to build a new model of international relations,increasing mutual political trust among great powers;deepening investigation research of different countries,strengthening communication with political ecosystem;expanding public diplomacy of Maritime Silk Road,promoting closer people-to-people ties and meeting each other half way;scientifically assessing practice of Maritime Silk Road,promoting construction step by step;co-ordinating domestic actions of Maritime Silk Road,converting competition to synergetic composition of forces. 21st Century Maritime Silk Road construction is an important attempt of China which faces the oceans to realize the “Chinese dream” and build a community of shared future. In this big trend of cooperation that ocean frontage would bring about more prosperity,China has explained age connotation with its concrete actions,namely,guided by the Silk Road Spirit which is “openness,inclusiveness,cooperation,win-win”,sharing the blue opportunities,consulting blue cooperation together,co-constructing the blue channels,co-undertaking the blue governance,co-creating the blue century with every joint construction country of 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.

作者简介
何光强:何光强,华侨大学海上丝绸之路研究院讲师,主要从事地缘政治和“一带一路”建设研究。
许培源:许培源,华侨大学海上丝绸之路研究院常务副院长、教授、博士生导师。