Indonesia established a secular regime but has the world’s largest Muslim population. Politicization of Islam refers to the phenomenon of political mobilization by taking advantage of Muslim’s religious belief. Once a time，the political influence of Islam was marginalized. Along with the democratization，political Islam gradually grows up，showing a tendency of moving to the political center，in the form of moderate political participation or radical political movements. Under current representative political system，it is undeniable that Islamic voters have become key targets during political campaigns，despite the declining trend of the numbers of votes obtained by Islamist parties in the past years. Various political forces actively cater to the demands of Islamic ethnic groups for the sake of election interests，which further deepens the politicization of Islam. Understanding the dynamics of Islamic politicization in Indonesia is of great significance to maintaining stable cooperation between China and Indonesia.