加拿大接收的难民包括难民安置和难民保护两个类别，分别来自境外申请、边境或境内申请两个项目，有不同的接收政策及审核程序。在2016～2017年度加拿大接收了大量来自非洲和中东地区的难民，以难民安置为主，2016年为最高峰；2017年总量下降，但难民保护数量增长明显。难民集中分布在安大略省和魁北克省，接近半数难民对加拿大的官方语言不熟悉，难民融入加拿大社会比较困难。在财政上，接收难民给联邦政府和省政府产生了很大的负担；在政治上，民众对政府的难民管理存在抱怨和不满；在社会构成上，接收难民改变了加拿大的族裔结构。未来，加拿大在审核难民申请上的困难和促进难民融入的压力会进一步加大。
Refugee immigrants are important constitution of Canada’s immigrants. Canada’s refugee system includes two programs：the refugee resettlement is for applicants outside of Canada；the refugee protection is for applicants at the border of Canada and inside Canada. In 2016 and 2017，Canada received a great number of refugees，particularly from Africa and Middle East. Among them，the majority were resettled refugees；but the claims of refugee protection increased significantly in 2017. Refugees were concentrated in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. About half of them were not familiar with either English or French，which made it difficult for them to integrate into the Canadian society. Financially，the reception of refugees added burden on federal and provincial governments. Politically，Canadians showed complains and dissatisfaction over governments’ management of refugees. On the social level，the reception of refugees is changing the ethnical structure of Canada. In the future，Canada will encounter greater difficulty in examining refugee’s application and challenges in promoting refugee’s integration.
