埃及是阿拉伯世界的农业大国，埃及的农业经济和国家发展关系密切。从穆罕默德·阿里及其继任者统治的近代时期到纳赛尔及其继任者统治的现代时期，政府都将农业部门作为埃及经济发展的重要抓手，旨在争取国家独立，发展国家经济。本文选取了埃及政府最为关注农业经济发展的几个时期，即穆罕默德·阿里时期、纳赛尔时期、萨达特时期、穆巴拉克时期，深入分析其间农业经济在埃及经济中的地位，归纳出近现代农业经济与国家发展的互动关系，通过回顾历史与分析现行的农业政策，展望了农业经济和埃及国家发展关系的未来。
Egypt is the major agricultural economy in Arab world. The agriculture in Egypt has a close relationship with country’s development. From the modern Egypt ruled by Muhammad Ali Pasha and his successors to contemporary Egypt ruled by Gamal Abdel Nasser and his successors，Egypt government always treated agricultural department as the crucial part of Egypt economy development in pursuit of national independence and development. This article focuses on some crucial time periods which Egypt government paid close attention to agricultural development：Muhammad Ali Pasha Regime，Gamal Abdel Nasser Regime，Mohamed Anwar el-Sadat Regime and Muhammed Hosni Mubarak Regime. By in-depth analysis of the status of agricultural economy in Egypt during those periods，the article summarizes the relationship between modern agricultural economy and country’s development. Moreover，by reviewing history and analyzing current agricultural economy policies，the article tries to look forward to the future between agricultural economy and country development in Egypt.
