In recent years，African piracy is rampant，the increasing number of piracy attacks not only disturbed peace and development in Africa，but also posed serious challenges to global energy security and international trade. In response to the threat of piracy in Africa，African countries relevant sub-regional organizations have made hard work. Meanwhile，the United Nations，the International Maritime Organization and the major powers also have taken many measures，but the effect is not effective. On the issue of anti-piracy，external initiatives and assistance must be in line with the actual situation of the relevant countries and regions.