“马来伊斯兰君主制”是现代文莱国家的基本政治制度。文莱第一部成文宪法颁布于1959年，曾于1971年和1984年进行过两次重要修改，1994年进行了审议。2004年和2008年又进行了修改。文莱政府设有12个部门，即首相府，国防部，外交与贸易部，财政部，内政部，教育部，工业与初级资源部，宗教部，发展部，文化、青年与体育部，卫生部，交通部。文莱实行双轨司法制度，没有陪审制度。一直以来，文莱的司法没有取得完全的独立。文莱人民党、文莱国家民主党和文莱国家团结党是文莱的主要政党。
The "Malay Islamic monarchy" is the basic political system of the modern Brunei state. Brunei's first written constitution was promulgated in 1959 and was amended twice in 1971 and 1984 and reviewed in 1994. Further modifications were made in 2004 and 2008. The Brunei government has 12 departments, namely the Prime Minister's Office, the Ministry of Defence, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources, the Ministry of Religion, the Ministry of Development, the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Transport. Brunei has a dual justice system and no jury system. Historically, Brunei's judiciary has not achieved full independence. The Brunei People's Party, the Brunei Democratic National Party and the Brunei United National Party are the main political parties in Brunei.
