Since 2003，there are many organizational reforms in the field of market supervision and management. But it is not certain whether combination or separation of institutions brings transformation of the model of supervision and management and transformation of government functions. In view of this，this study focuses on “the combination of three organizations” reform in Nansha free trade area in Guangdong province and tracking its effectiveness and difficulties. Our survey found that after “The combination of three organizations” reform，the Nansha market sup-ervisory authority has completed function integration on the basis of Administration of Industry and Commerce and Bureau of Quality Technical Supervision and Food and Drug Administration and function transformation as the core of supervision and management in the course and afterwards at the function level. On the institutions and personnel level，it has achieved the goal of simplification and coordination. In the aspect of administrative process，it has achieved the goal of process optimization of examination and approval and supervision and law enforcement. And in terms of organization and coordination it also has been improved. However，it still has many problems. Such as regulation is weak at the grass-roots level，and organization lacks of organic integration，and the number and quality of personnel could not meet regulatory requirements，and there are differences the old and new regulatory standards and idea and platform，and organization and coordination problems.