新要素和新技术的投入是传统农业走向现代农业的根本动力。新要素和新技术对于现代农业的意义，不仅在于可提高劳动生产率，而且在于能够减少农业生产过程中的不确定性。当前，中国农业的发展面临着新的不确定性：农业基本建设投入不足、农业生产方式改而不善、农民对农业生产的关注程度有所降低。对于这些问题，需要通过加强农业基础设施建设、推动农业科技创新、培育新型职业农民、提高执行农业政策的灵活度等手段加以解决。
Sustained input of new factors and new technologies is the basic power that makes the process from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. New factors and new technologies are of great significance to modern agriculture. It is not only to improve labor productivity，but also to reduce the uncertainty in the process of agricultural production. At present，the development of agriculture in major grain production areas in China are confronted with new uncertainty：lack of investment in agricultural infrastructure，non-improved agricultural production mode and reduced the degree of concern to agricultural production for farmers. It needs to be solved by strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction，promoting agricultural science and technology innovation，cultivating new professional farmers，improving the implementation of agricultural policy flexibility and other aspects.
