Anhui province and even the whole country in recent years, the air pollution is very serious, the degree of pollution has seriously affected people's daily life and physical health, which restricts the sustainable development of economy and society. This paper makes a research on the legal mechanism of Anhui province regional air pollution prevention. This paper firstly analyses the status of air pollution in Anhui province and its reasons, pointed out that air pollution due to its liquidity, compound, did not proportion between governance and governance effect, leading to unclear responsibility, many complex reasons not to see the effectiveness of air pollution control in a long time; the necessity of regional joint prevention of air pollution in Anhui province and the existing problems; and then pointed out the status of the legal system of Anhui province atmospheric pollution prevention and the existing problems, and puts forward the construction of the legal mechanism of regional joint prevention of air pollution, and points out the mechanism of the operation must be connected to the Yangtze River Delta regional atmospheric joint prevention, butt joint prevention of air pollution in the adjacent provinces, then under environmental governance in the county, forming a tight connected prevention system.