2013年末，发端于几内亚的埃博拉病毒迅速演变为疫情，并蔓延到塞拉利昂与利比里亚，造成大量人员死亡。面对埃博拉病毒疫情，联合国、世界卫生组织及包括中国在内的众多国家和非政府组织等国际社会成员进行了有效的应对。埃博拉病毒疫情挑战了国际公共卫生安全宗旨、西非三国公共卫生安全保障能力和国民卫生安全意识。国际社会要从这种挑战中吸取教训，不断完善国际公共卫生安全预警机制、合作机制，不断提升国际公共卫生安全保障能力。另外，虽然国际社会抗击埃博拉疫情已取得决定性的阶段胜利，但埃博拉病毒疫情死灰复燃的可能性也没有完全被排除。
The Ebola Virus which originated in Guinea at the end of 2013 rapidly evolved into an epidemic that spread to Sierra Leone and Liberia，which resulted in a large number of deaths. In response，the United Nations，the World Health Organization，many countries including China，and NGOs among other international community members have taken effective measures. Actually the Ebola virus epidemic has challenged the international public health security purpose，the public security capability of the three western African countries and their nationals’ health security awareness. The international community should draw lessons from the challenges，and continuously improve the international public health security early warning mechanism and cooperation mechanism，so as to uplift the international public health security capability. Although a decisive victory on fighting Ebola epidemic has been achieved，the disease still poses a huge challenge to the global public health security and the possibility of its resurgence cannot be fully eliminated.
