国际格局的调整和变化从未停止。世界主要国家的国力不断发生变化，影响力也相应发生改变。随着中国国力不断增强，中国影响力也在不断扩大。一方面，准确评估世界主要国家的国力与影响力，对于准确把握国际格局走向、理解世界局势至关重要；另一方面，准确把握中国国力及影响力的绝对与相对变化，是我国制定外交政策的基础。
本文考察并试图评估2015～2016年美国、英国、法国、德国、日本、中国、俄罗斯、印度、巴西等9个国家的国力及影响力。评价结果显示，美国“一超”地位稳固，世界“多强”变幻莫测。英、法、德、日国力与影响力持续微弱下降，新兴市场国家国力与影响力发展出现分化。在不远的将来，国际格局仍将维持“一超多强”格局，但“多强”成员很有可能发生变动。
Transformations and changes in the international structure are ongoing. With the rise of Chinese national power，Chinese state influence has also grown. On one hand，an accurate evaluation of the national power and state influence of the major states is crucial for a proper understanding of the contemporary world；on the other hand，an up-to-date understanding of national power and state influence provides a basis for foreign-policy decision making. This report evaluates the national power and state influence of the United States，the United Kingdom，France，Germany，Japan，China，Russia，India，and Brazil. It reveals that the United States remains the only superpower，as the other major powers witnessed both ups and downs during the past year. The United Kingdom，France，Germany，and Japan have undergone a slight decline in their national power and state influence，whereas the emerging market states have seen very different trends in the development of national power and state influence. In the near future，the structure of the international system is likely to continue to exist as “one superpower and multi-major powers，” with the members of the “multi-major powers” subject to change.
