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热词推荐: 能源基础设施

中国电力市场:运行、投资贸易与改革形势

文章摘要

近两年我国经济增长速度显现放缓趋势,2013年GDP的增长率为7.7%,2014年为7.3%,2015年为6.9%。随着中国经济步入“新常态”,电力生产消费也呈现出新的特征:电力供需形势由偏紧转为宽松,其中,电力供应结构出现持续调整,电力消费呈现增长减速与结构转型,电力消费增长结构由高耗能向新兴产业、服务业和居民生活用电转换;与电力供需形势对应,以及为适应我国能源经济发展与环境保护的要求,电力价格水平也出现一定程度调整。电力投资、贸易和并购方面有了新的突破。配电网投资战略与新能源投资形势初步体现了电力结构转型特点,电力国际贸易与国际并购在“一带一路”倡议下稳步推进。新一轮电力改革有序开展,市场化特征明显,输配电价与售电侧市场开放等多项试点改革正在进行中。预计2016年中国宏观经济增速总体将呈现稳中缓降态势,电力消费增速将维持低速增长,全国电力供应能力总体宽松,电力投资与供给结构转型速度加快,清洁能源发电比重会继续增加,电力市场投资与贸易将伴随着电力市场改革稳步推进。

Abstract

In recent two years,the growth rate of China’s economy was slowing down. In 2013,the growth rate was 7.7%,and in 2014 and 2015 the rates were just 7.3% and 6.9%. With the “new normal” of Chinese economy,electricity production and consumption appear new features as well. Supplying and demanding tendency turns to ease. And the supplying structure of electricity was continuously adjusted. The main driving power of electricity consumption was also changed from high energy consumption enterprises to emerging industries,service industries and residential use. In order to meet needs for economic development and environmental protection,price of electricity has been adjusted too. And new breakthroughs happened to electronic investment,trade and mergers and acquisitions. Electricity Distribution Investment Strategy and investments in new energy reflected the initial characteristics of electricity restructuring. Under the “the Belt and Road Initiative”,international power trade and international mergers and acquisitions are further implemented. A new round of electricity reform started with marketing characteristics. And reforms in electricity transmission and distribution and opening in sale side of electricity are also in experimental progress. The forecasts indicate that the speed of China’s economy growth may slowly declining with its stability,and the consumption of electric power would also be staying in a comparatively slow growth. Nationally,power supply enjoys sufficiency and transformation for electricity investments and supply system is speeding up. The proportion of clean energy will be increasing enlarged,and electricity market investments and trades will be staidly implemented with the market reforms.

作者简介
刘喜梅:刘喜梅,经济学博士,硕士生导师,华北电力大学副教授,中国社会科学院研究生院国际能源安全中心研究员,研究领域为能源与电力经济、能源安全。