2013年是欧盟至关重要的一年。这一年中，欧盟经济实现了正增长，并且有望在2014年保持这一恢复势头。欧盟的气候政策、统一能源市场政策也在按原计划推进，可再生能源和节能方面都取得了重要的进展。欧盟也在通过技术进步、建立统一市场等措施对冲由于环境政策措施带来的能源成本上升的不利影响。但是欧盟在能源上面临着一系列的问题，包括：（1）欧盟低碳政策问题，欧盟一直希望成为低碳能源和应对气候变化的领袖，但是这种政策推高了欧盟经济的能源成本，给欧盟经济的全球竞争力带来负面影响；（2）能源转换的问题，即从石油、煤炭等传统化石能源与核电转向可再生能源；（3）能源安全问题，欧盟尤其是中欧和东欧国家在能源供给上过度依赖俄罗斯天然气，而俄欧关系屡出波折，尤其是目前的乌克兰危机更是凸显了这种能源供给风险。
European Union economy had a good performance in 2013，and may keep this good trend in 2014. The climate policy and energy market integration were proposed according to the plans. There were also important progresses in the renewable and energy conservation. EU was minimizing the cost from strict environmental policies through technological progress and market integration. Meanwhile，EU is still facing some problems including：（a） The strict climate policy results in restrictions for European companies and brings negative impacts to their competition；（b） The issue of energy transition，i.e. from traditional fossil fuel and nuclear to renewable，will also lead a higher cost of economy；（c） The issue of energy security，EU especially those eastern and mid European countries too much rely on Russia. And the evolving Ukraine crisis will cause a fundamental change in EU-Russian energy relationship.
| Keywords： | Energy SecurityClimate Change PolicyEU EnergyEnergy Technological ProgressEnergy Transition |
