本文对澳大利亚、南非、印度尼西亚三个国家的煤炭基本政策、政策特点及最新变化进行了分析。分析认为：澳大利亚作为煤炭的主要生产和出口国，煤炭的监督和管理机制比较健全，煤炭相关的政策、法律法规也较为丰富和齐全，能够灵活应对国际煤炭市场的变化；南非的煤炭政策则较为宽松，由于煤炭企业是由私人经营的，政府主要负责监管，但也形成了一定的体系，能对煤炭产业的发展起到规范促进作用；印度尼西亚的煤炭政策主要侧重于出口业务，随着国内对煤炭的需求量逐年增加，也开始限制和规范煤炭的出口。
This paper analyzed the basic coal policy，policy characteristics and the latest changes of three countries which are Australia，South Africa and Indonesia. Australia is the main producing country and exporter with relatively complete and effective coal supervision mechanism，relevant policies，laws and regulations. It can cope with the changes of international coal market neatly. Comparatively，South Africa’s coal policy is looser because the coal enterprises are ran by private sectors. And government is mainly responsible for supervision. Even under such a situation，it still forms a certain system，and can have promoting effect on the development of coal industry. By contrast，Indonesia’s coal policy mainly focuses on the export business. As the domestic demand for coal increases year by year，the policy also begins to restrict and regulate more on coal export.
