文章摘要
2014年,乌克兰危机成为影响欧盟外交与防务领域政策的重要因素。在安全与防务领域,面对乌克兰危机造成的威胁,欧盟在北约框架下增强了具有针对性的防务规划与部署。危机带来的能源供给安全风险,使建立能源联盟成为欧盟外交和防务政策的优先领域。在对外关系上,乌克兰危机使欧俄关系急剧恶化。欧盟一方面与俄罗斯保持合作,另一方面与美国联手对俄实施逐渐升级的全方位制裁,但制裁对欧盟自身也造成了负面影响。在欧美关系问题上,欧盟成员国与美国联手打击伊斯兰恐怖主义活动,同时放松对伊朗的制裁,但双方在个人信息保护问题上依然各执一词。在“因变而议”原则下,欧盟大力发展睦邻政策,尤其是东部伙伴关系。
Abstract
The Ukraine Crisis becomes the “game changer” for the European Union’s foreign affairs and defense policies. In the security and defense area,the crisis has accelerated the feeling of distrust between the EU and Russia. To contain the potential threats trigged by the Crisis,the EU and North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)have strengthened their security schemes and operations. Concerns have also risen as to the energy supply security. Not surprisingly,building an energy union emerges as one of the priorities of the institutional reforms of the new European Commission. As regards the EU’s foreign affairs,its relations with Russia have been dramatically damaged by the Crisis. Under the pressure of the U.S,the EU adopted economic,military and financial sanctions towards Russia,which has made negative impacts on the EU itself. As to the EU-U.S relations,the EU member states took military strikes jointly with the Americans on ISIS terrorism. Both of them improved cooperation on protecting personal information,but divergence still remains between them. In line with the “Agenda for Change”,the EU has taken significant steps to align the development cooperation with its neighborhood policy,particularly the eastern partnerships.
作者简介
曹慧:曹慧,博士,中国社会科学院欧洲研究所助理研究员。