战后日本能源政策的转型是在“变化—应对”的逻辑框架下进行的。日本所面临的能源约束问题在阶段性上表现为经济恢复时期的能源供给危机问题、高速经济增长中的石油需求激增问题、石油危机问题、3E协调关系问题、国际石油价格波动问题、核安全问题。对此，日本在每一历史阶段分别制定了政策取向不同的能源政策，即以煤炭为主的增产政策、以石油为主的综合能源政策、以解决危机为主的能源管理政策、以3E协调为主的多目标能源政策、以应对国际能源形势动荡的“新国家能源安全战略”以及继续推行“拥核”政策。
Japan’s energy policy transformation after World War II has been carried out in the logical framework which is called “Changing and Responding”. The energy constraint problems that Japan is facing are manifested as energy supply crisis in the period of economic recovery，oil demand surge in the high-speed economic growth process，oil crisis，“3E” relationship problems，the international oil price fluctuation problem and nuclear safety issues at different stages. To solve these problems，Japan separately established different kinds of energy policy with different orientation in each corresponding historical stage，which are coal based production policy，oil based comprehensive energy policy，crisis resolution based energy management policy，“3E” coordination based multi-target energy policy，“new national energy security strategy” to respond to turbulent international energy market，and continuation of “nuclear power advocacy” policy.
| Keywords： | OilSecurityJapan1945~2014Energy ConstraintEnergy Policy TransformationNuclear Power Policy |
