外包是企业边界的收缩和市场边界的扩张，是技术进步带来市场交易成本下降的结果，它有利于企业降低成本和增加竞争力。美国波音公司的波音787飞机通过广泛的业务外包活动来安排生产，却导致了飞机部件无法组装成机和飞机交付后安全事故频发。本报告通过将企业边界的3个维度即规模边界、能力边界、成本边界进行区分，得出的研究结论是外包的安全边界位于企业的能力边界处，越过能力边界单纯追逐成本边界的外包行为存在风险。对于飞机产业来说，它的模块标准化程度低、网络型产业链结构复杂、产品局部瑕疵严重影响整体功能，因而激进型的外包策略并不适当。
Outsourcing is the contraction of enterprise boundary and the expansion of market strategy，and it is also the result of declining market transaction costs brought by technological progress. It helps the enterprise to cut down cost and enhance competiveness. The Boeing 787 of American Boeing Company arranged its production through a wide range of outsourcing activities，but unfortunately，it led to the aircraft components failing to be assembled into machine and safety accidents occurring frequently after delivery. By distinguishing the three dimensions of enterprise boundary，namely size boundary，competency boundary and cost boundary，this paper makes the conclusion that the safe boundary of outsourcing is located at the enterprise’s competence boundary，any outsourcing behavior which tries to across the competence boundary and just chases after the cost boundary should exist risk. To aircraft industry，the module standardization degree is low，network-based industry chain structure is complex，and any local defect of the product will affect the overall function，thus aggressive type of outsourcing strategy is not appropriate.
