美国多年来一直实施“能源独立”战略，石油对外依赖程度不断降低。2008年金融危机后，美国石油消费量及其增速大幅度下降，其石油产销率回升，供求缺口逐渐缩小。美国石油国际需求呈现新变化，一是进口需求缩小，对国际石油市场依赖度降低，二是进口来源地呈多元化格局。由此导致了国际石油供求格局的根本变化，推动国际石油市场原油价格下行。美国石油国际需求变化及其能源多元化战略值得中国借鉴。本报告在最后提出了中国石油储备战略和进口战略及其能源多元化战略的调整对策。
Owing to the implementation of the “energy independence” strategy，American oil external dependence has continuously reduced. After the financial crisis in 2008，American oil consumption and the growth rate have been decreasing remarkably，while the Production & Sail Rate has recovered，and the gap of supply and demand of oil has been narrowing. American international demand for oil has changed. On the one hand，the import demand and the dependence on international oil market decreased；on the other hand，sources of imports diversified. That leads to the change of the supply and demand in the international oil market，and the price of international crude oil market goes downward. China should use the experience of the changes of American international demand for oil and the diversification of energy strategy. At last，the article suggests some adjustments on Chinese strategies of oil import，oil reserve，and energy diversification.
