服务业具有制度密集型的产业特性，本文从政府主导型的资源配置结构、非国有经济发展、知识产权保护、城市化进程以及行业竞争环境等五个方面刻画了中国市场化改革的制度环境，并实证检验了制度变迁对1990~2010年全国28个省(市)服务业和新旧两种行业分类标准下各细分服务行业增长的影响。结果表明，政府主导的资源配置结构构成国内服务业增长的阻碍；非国有经济和城市化进程形成服务产品的有效需求，显著促进了国内服务业的增长；高质量的知识产权保护和充分的市场竞争环境有利于国内服务业的快速增长，而低效知识产权保护和市场竞争环境产生显著的负效应。
The service industry is characterized by its institution-intensive feature.This research empirically tests impact of China's institutional environment during the period of market reform,mainly described by the government-led distribution structure of economic resources,the development of non-state economies,the quality of intellectual property protection,the process of urbanization and the intensity of market competition in main service sub-industries,on the development of service sectors in 28 provinces and main sub-industries classified by 2 different Industry Classification Standards during 1990-2010.Empirical results show that,the growth of domestic service industries is significantly promoted by the development of non-state economies,urbanization process,high-quality intellectual property protection and sufficient market competition,meanwhile,which is obstructed by current resource allocation structure dominated by the government,poor environment of intellectual property protection and market competition.
