地区冲突致使难民危机在2013年全面爆发,而2014年新的危机又接踵而至。危机迁徙就此成为年内最受瞩目的国际移民问题,发展中国家接受的难民数量占全球难民总数的86%。叙利亚冲突造成的危机迁徙问题突出,乌克兰危机也使大量人口逃往俄罗斯与东欧地区。欧盟成员国则面临移民问题引起的信任危机,德、英等国限制与压缩难民数量的政策进展迅速。美国的移民体制改革进展到2014年并不顺利,改革法案并没有在众议院得到通过,而11月中期选举的结果将会影响到接下来的改革进程。
Migration is becoming one of the most world’s serious issues because of the ongoing numerous refugee crises in the recent two years. By the end of 2013,5.12 million persons worldwide had been displaced due to humanitarian crises,and among them 16.7 million were refugees. The developing countries hosted 86 percent the worldwide refugees. Conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic forced nearly 2.2 million persons to flee in 2013,representing the largest annual exodus by a single refugee group since the Rwandan genocide in 1994. The EU members are facing an issue of trust due to their unequal burden from the immigrants,and the “Jihadi migrants” are also causing them to be nervous. In addition,what happened in Ukraine forced a large number of people to flee to Russia and Eastern Europe. Some European countries,such as Germany and the United Kingdom,quickly implemented policies to reduce the number of refugees. Immigration reform in the United States did not proceed well this year,and the results of the midterm elections will influence subsequent trends.