This article represents an eye-witness reflection on the causes for the demise of the USSR and some speculations about the future course of Russia. It argues that three groups of people have contributed to the demise of the USSR. The first group is the Soviet party and political elites who were unable to meet the challenges of the times. Some of them even turned to betrayal. The second group includes the external forces led by the United States，who，out of their own political and economic interests，attempted to overthrow the USSR. And the third group refers to those people，the intelligentsia included，who had little idea about what was awaiting the transition of socio-political systems，and did not rise up to defend their motherland from disintegration. At present，it is crucial for Russia to unite with some of the former constituent republics of the Soviet Union and take the opportunity of the Customs Union and Unified Economic Zone comprising Russia，Kazakhstan and Byelorussia，with a view to establishing a Eurasian Union.