The core thought of Deng Xiaoping’s South Talks is “following the basic line of the Party unswervingly in one hundred years”. The talks made an overall and dialectical analysis on a series of big issues relating to the Party’s and the nation’s development，in which the following eight relations are most important：the relation between never live in fear of too many capitalist elements and following the socialist road，the relation between trying to develop three kinds of foreign-invested enterprises and making the large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises bigger and stronger，the relation between that the planned economy is not equivalent to socialism and that the market economy is not equivalent to capitalism，the relation between the policy to let one part of people get rich first and the goal of achieving common prosperity，the relation between concentrating on economic construction and placing equal emphasis on material and ethical progress，the relation between making no arguments and opposing bourgeois liberalization，the relation between following the Party’s basic line and training successors，the relation between the protracted and tortuous nature in pursuing the socialist road and the general trend along which socialism will finally replace capitalism. Nowadays these analyses still have the important enlightenment and place the guiding role.