Australian Labor Government published the Defense White Paper 2009 in May，2009，introducing the Australian national defense，foreign relations and strategic security with the background of the requirement from the domestic policy，politics and government and the changes both at the regional and global level. The White Paper is characterized with a long-term and large-scale input to generally upgrade the national defense capabilities，in addition to strengthening the defense sciences and technology and the defense management and reform. The White Paper also points out the Australian 4 levels of strategic interests：Australia，immediate neighbourhood，the Asia-Pacific region and global security. Australia will stick firmly to the Australia-US Alliance and focus more on the Asia-Pacific region. However，the White Paper is caught in the economic crises and being disputed both at home and abroad. The most interesting points may be the relations between the Australian-US Alliance，the main threat from the non-traditional security and the national defense building-up，as well as the relations between Australian economic and security priorities.