国家保护责任即为保护人民免受极端的人权践踏。然而这一概念被指责为西方国家意图进行人道主义干涉的借口。这样的指责又出现在了2011年联合国授权干预利比亚行动中，将安理会首次运作的保护责任推至最极端的形式。巴西提议创造一个新的概念“保护过程中的责任”来回应这些指责。从长远来看，“保护过程中的责任”将有可能提高对保护责任项目的支持。巴西提议的核心保留了2005年的观念，并将“保护过程中的责任”纳入到了保护责任三大支柱的框架中去。
The concept of a “responsibility to protect” populations from the most egregious human rights abuses has been criticized as masking a Western desire for a right of humanitarian intervention. Such criticisms were reignited during the UN-authorized intervention in Libya in 2011，marking the Security Council’s first operationalization of the responsibility to protect concept at its sharpest end. Brazil has responded to these criticisms by proposing a new concept of“responsibility while protecting”that may，in the long run，enhance support for the responsibility to protect project. At its core，Brazil’s proposal retains the 2005 conception and incorporates the idea of a“responsibility while protecting”within the three-pillar responsibility to protect framework that has developed.
