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大国对非洲关系的形势透析

文章摘要

2013年非洲继续保持着多年来的强劲发展势头,随着经济持续高位增长、联合自强共识与能力的提振,东非成为全球油气资源“新贵”,以新老安全治理问题交织产生全球效应,非洲地缘政治的影响力和吸引力不断提升。在此大背景下,域外大国对非外交的积极性和主动性也随之加强,发达国家中以法国、美国和日本最为明显,对非外交力度较大,而以中国为首的新兴国家则借助双边和“金砖国家会议”等多边机制不断赶超西方,在非影响力持续扩大。2013年域外大国对非外交的特点,一是依赖自身传统优势或对非外交比较优势,加大政治、经济和安全等方面的投入力度;二是进行战略调整,对既有对非政策弃旧扬新,借鉴吸收竞争对手经验,谋求对非外交新的战略优势。

关键词:非洲关系大国

Abstract

In 2013,Africa kept the robust development as in the past decade. With its high economic growth,improvement of unification capacity,east Africa’s oil boom and the global impact generated from its old or new security issues,Africa is obtaining its geopolitical influence and attraction in the world. In this context,the big powers,especially France,the United States and Japan,have been energetically putting more strategic focus on and diplomatic resources in Africa,while and the emerging powers led by China are catching up with the Western influence in Africa in virtue of their bilateral or BRICS mechanisms. The big powers’ diplomacy for Africa in 2013 is featured as:on one hand,they have increased their investment in political,economic,and security issues in Africa with their traditional and comparative advantages;on the other hand,they are stepping into a period of strategic adjustment,revising their policies and seeking for their new strategic advantages in Africa.

作者简介
黎文涛:黎文涛,中国现代国际关系研究院非洲所助理研究员。