While France maintains a privileged position in Africa by virtue of its post-colonial power structure，its traditional geopolitical influence in Africa has been challenged in recent years by the decline of its economic interests，the reduction of its military interventions，and the rise of new powers. This trend is particularly evident in the conflict between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo（DRC）. The roots of the conflict between Rwanda and DRC date back to the colonial period and involve multiple factors，including border demarcation，ethnic tensions，competition for resources，and intervention by external powers. France，as a influential power and international mediator，played a complex role in the conflict，but its mediation efforts were unsuccessful due to historical legacies，ambiguous roles，and the awakening of African countries’ sense of autonomy. The future direction of relations between Rwanda and the DRC requires a new mediation mechanism and international support，while the two countries also need to resolve the conflict and achieve regional stability through dialogue and cooperation.