As the global economy has entered a phase of profound complexity，Sino-European trade demonstrates both complementarity and competitiveness. This dynamic is particularly evident in the electric vehicle （EV） sector. In response to the rapid development of China’s EV industry，the European Union has imposed high tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles under the EU Anti-Subsidy Regulation，conducting extensive investigations. Concurrently，the EU has sought to reduce the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises by establishing technical barriers and downgrading their credit ratings. France has played a pivotal role in this process，driven by its objectives to protect its domestic automotive industry，promote energy transition，and safeguard economic sovereignty. It has utilized legal，political，and public opinion tools to influence the EU’s policy direction. In response to these measures by France and the EU，China has adopted a dual strategy of “carrot and stick”. On one hand，China has actively defended its rights through legal actions and WTO complaints，while initiating anti-dumping investigations on certain European imports. Meanwhile，Chinese enterprises have accelerated their strategic initiatives by expediting factory construction in Europe，optimizing their industrial layout，capitalizing on the deficiencies in European infrastructure to expand their business footprint，and actively exploring diverse markets across Asia，Africa，Latin America，Southeast Asia，and the Middle East. In this context，they must continuously enhance their technological innovation with emerging markets，effectively address external barriers，and promote the sustainable development of the global new energy vehicle industry.