The establishment of South Africa’s Government of National Unity（GNU）in June 2024 marks a significant milestone in the democratic political evolution of post-apartheid South Africa. Within the framework of the newly formed multiparty coalition government，the African National Congress（ANC）retains dominant influence in foreign policy formulation，a political configuration that has effectively sustained the continuity of South Africa’s diplomatic strategy. However，confronted with profound shifts in both domestic and international landscapes，the new administration is actively recalibrating its foreign policy to align with contemporary imperatives. Compared to his previous term，President Cyril Ramaphosa’s government has adopted a more defined and proactive approach to economic diplomacy centered on national development priorities. This strategic shift emphasizes strengthening collaborative partnerships with key members of the African Continental Free Trade Area（AfCFTA）and advanced economies such as the European Union. On the international stage，South Africa has consistently adhered to multilateral principles，leveraging its G20 presidency to systematically amplify the Global South’s voice in global governance agendas. Amid escalating geopolitical rivalries，the country has demonstrated strategic resolve by maintaining principled positions on contentious issues like the Israeli-Palestinian conflict，resisting diplomatic pressures from the United States. The convergence of domestic political fragility and transformative international dynamics presents acute challenges to the GNU’s governance stability. Particularly noteworthy is the renewed “maximum pressure” campaign by the Trump administration，which not only tests the resilience of South Africa’s foreign policy framework but also subjects the solidarity mechanisms among Global South nations to unprecedented stress.