2024年德国的政治局势以执政联盟的重大危机、经济衰退以及不断升级的移民议题辩论为标志性特征。围绕“债务刹车”机制以及经济政策措施的争议在年末引发了一场政府危机，导致“交通灯”联合政府崩溃。来自社民党的德国总理奥拉夫·朔尔茨所发起的信任投票未获通过，因此，联邦议院大选于2025年2月提前展开。在萨克森州、图林根州、勃兰登堡州的州议会选举以及欧洲议会选举中，“交通灯”执政联盟的各党得票率一落千丈，部分情况下甚至遭遇惨败，而德国选择党和新成立的萨拉·瓦根克内希特联盟则取得了显著的成就。欧洲议会选举后，乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩连任欧盟委员会主席。总体上，由于经济增长缓慢、企业破产数量上升以及民众不确定性增加，德国的经济状况进一步恶化。
The political year 2024 in Germany was marked by profound crises within the coalition government，economic recession and escalating migration debates. The “traffic light” coalition collapsed after a government crisis at the end of the year，which was triggered by a dispute over the debt brake and economic policy measures. The subsequent vote of confidence by Chancellor Olaf Scholz（SPD）failed，which led to new elections in February 2025. In the Landtag elections in Saxony，Thuringia，Brandenburg and the EU elections，the parties of the “traffic light” coalition suffered significant losses，while the AfD and the newly founded Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance（BSW）made considerable gains. After the EU elections，Ursula von der Leyen was sworn in again as President of the European Commission. Germany’s economic situation deteriorated due to low growth rates，rising corporate insolvencies and increasing uncertainty among citizens.
