21世纪初以来，历任法国政府均采取核能与可再生能源在能源结构中并重的政策。乌克兰危机对欧洲能源造成重击，威胁能源安全，加之法国国内电力需求不断上升以及受实现零碳目标等因素的驱动，马克龙政府从重视核能发展到2024年提出新的能源独立性法案，确定优先发展核能并全面部署促进核能大发展的相关政策，法国能源战略发生重大转变。尽管法国拥有世界上最好的核能技术，但仍需应对核电高昂的成本、人才短缺及技术创新和研发等约束的挑战。
Since the very beginning of this century，nearly every French government with different president has been maintaining policies to put both nuclear energy and renewable energies as important portions composing the French energy structure. Conflict between Russia and Ukraine severely affected the energy security of Europe，plus the increasing demand of electric power and target of decarbonization in France，President Macron’s administration went through from valuing nuclear energy to release a new energy independence bill in 2024，confirming that France will prioritize nuclear energy development and make a whole set of policies to encourage the development. French energy strategy completely turns to nuclear energy. Though France possesses best technologies in nuclear energy，there exists challenges including expensive cost，talents shortage，technological innovation and R& D limitations to be confronted and overcome.
