社会组织凭借其灵活机动性、技能丰富性、动员社会性等独特优势，近年来在灾害风险治理和突发事件应对方面积累了丰富的经验、获得了长足的发展，成为中国风险治理的重要力量。本文梳理2022～2023年度中国社会组织参与风险治理的概况和相关政策，以新冠疫情、重庆山火、土耳其-叙利亚地震为例，总结了社会组织参与突发公共卫生事件应对、国内灾害应急响应、国际人道主义救援的宝贵经验。运用PEST方法归纳社会组织参与风险治理的现实困境，包括政社协同不够、筹资渠道不畅、公众参与不足、专业支撑不强等；进而构建了中国社会组织参与风险治理的路径优化框架，表现为内部“自主化→网络化→信息化”与外部“权责扩充→群众动员→公信重塑”的互促良性循环。
In recent years，social organizations in China have demonstrated their unique strengths in flexibility，diverse skills，and social mobilization，enabling them to accumulate valuable experience and achieve significant development in disaster risk governance and emergency response. They have emerged as a crucial force in risk governance within the country. This report aims to summarize the valuable experiences of social organizations in public health emergencies，domestic disaster emergency response，and international humanitarian relief. By reviewing the general situation and relevant policies of social organizations’ involvement in risk governance in China from 2022 to 2023，this report highlights examples such as COVID-19，the Chongqing mountain fire，and the Turkey-Syria earthquake. Through PEST analysis，the report identifies practical dilemmas faced by social organizations in their participation in risk governance，including insufficient government-society coordination，poor financing channels，insufficient public participation，and weak professional support. Subsequently，it proposes a framework to optimize the path for social organizations’ participation in risk governance in China，which is manifested as the mutually-reinforcing virtuous circle of internal “autonomy→ networking → informatization” and external “power and responsibility expansion → mass mobilization → public trust reconstruction”.
