Since it came to power in 2014，the Modi government has adhered to economic nationalism and readjusted the orientation of foreign trade policies，while focusing on enhancing the role of economic cooperation to support its national development strategy. This includes stepping up investment in overseas infrastructure projects such as ports and energy，accelerating regional connectivity initiatives，participating in small multilateral economic cooperation frameworks and engaging more proactively in global economic governance. The Modi government’s policy adjustments and practices not only aim to serve domestic manufacturing development by building a more comprehensive trade network，but also reflect India’s geo-economic layout and strategic ambitions regarding its neighboring countries，the Asia-Pacific region and major power relations. Currently，India is not only active on the international political stage，but also aspires to play a more significant role in the international economic arena. Nevertheless，India faces dual constraints both internal and external in realizing its vision of international economic cooperation. On the one hand，India’s national economic strength and domestic conservative forces continue to restrict its ability to invest abroad and implement economic strategies，while its manufacturing development level is still insufficient to undertake large-scale manufacturing industry transfer. On the other hand，factors such as the turbulent international political situation，the resurgence of trade protectionism，and the reluctance of some countries to cooperate with others further hinder India’s efforts to advance its international economic cooperation agenda.