In 2023，high tensions inside the ruling left-wing party Movimiento al Socialismo（MAS）are raising political instability and governability risks，causing a party rupture. The political polarization between the ruling party and the opposition party is also increasing. Bolivia’s economy has slowed sharply in 2023，though still achieves slight growth，owing to falling exports and currency jitters that weighed on consumption and investment. Social unrest is exacerbated and protests break out intensely and frequently during the year of 2023，owing to political conflicts and economic depression. The government has accomplished the nationalization of the pension system. The Arce administration continues to pursue a moderate and pragmatic strategy in the diplomatic field and to expand cooperation with neighbouring and traditional friendly countries such as China and Russia. The government is committed to promoting regional integration. Bolivia has become a full member of the MERCOSUR.