In the context of global geopolitical “de-regionalization” and the intensification of ideological conflicts，evaluating the effectiveness of international communication solely from the perspective of communication outcomes is no longer sufficient to address the complexities of the current global situation. This report examines the local contextual effects，and the cognitive spatial structure of communication behaviors associated with the Belt and Road Initiative（BRI），based on a survey conducted across ten selected countries worldwide. From the perspective of contextual effects，the BRI has promoted the economic and cultural recognition of China among partner countries. However，it is essential to remain cautious of potential local resistance，which may arise from industrial disruptions. Additionally，while the BRI has to some extent enhanced China’s positive image through fostering international cooperation，strong national identities and cultural exclusivity in some countries may obstruct public acceptance of China’s leadership role. From the perspective of cognitive space，significant variation exists in how different countries perceive and understand the BRI and its relationship with China. The cognitive network in domains such as politics and culture reveals a marked center-periphery structure. The study found that，while political and economic perceptions are predominantly shaped by global powers and countries with close ties，the science，technology，and public sectors are increasingly characterized by multilateral cooperation and joint governance. Based on these findings，this report suggests that China’s international communication efforts should be framed within the context of the international political economy，with particular attention to the evolving cognitive transformations within the global power structure. It advocates the breaking down of cognitive and trust barriers between foreign cultures and the local cultures of target countries to enhance China’s potential for fostering a global public sphere and promoting cultural recognition.