Because of their strong nationalist consciousness and political sensitivity，military groups played an important role in the political development of African countries in the post-colonial period. Military groups took over the state’s central institutions through the use of force from time to time. Since 2020，there have been as many as six military coups in West Africa，and the resurgence of military coups is prominent. The lack of national governance capacity and the decline of government legitimacy are structural factors for the resurgence of coups. Safeguarding the interests of the country and their own interests under the threat of terrorism constitutes the main motivation for military groups to launch coups. The（sub）regional organizations failed to effectively exert its containment effect，reducing the cost of the coup. The long-term intervention and reduction of security investment by major countries outside the region have contributed to the outbreak of the coup. This resurgence of military coups has not only changed the political power structure of the relevant countries and disrupted the natural process of their political development，but also has threatened the regime security of regional countries. In addition，the resurgence of coups has driven the changes of influence of major countries in West Africa，leading to a restructuring of the regional security architecture.