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2022年匈牙利发展报告

文章摘要

2022年为匈牙利大选年,匈牙利先后举行总统选举和国会选举,执政联盟青民盟—基民党联盟以绝对优势胜选,继续执政,国内政治局势稳定。经济方面,匈牙利上半年经济向好,发展势头强劲;下半年受俄乌冲突的影响,经济陷入技术性衰退。外交与安全方面,与欧盟在法治问题上摩擦不断,欧盟以改革不充分为由冻结匈牙利应当从欧盟获得的220亿欧元拨款;与俄罗斯的关系上,匈牙利在能源上依赖俄罗斯,反对制裁俄罗斯,希望通过谈判结束俄乌冲突;与美国的关系因俄乌冲突爆发后匈方对俄立场而出现裂痕。社会与文化方面,全年教师罢工不断,旨在争取自己的合法权益,提高工资。中匈关系方面,2022年是中匈全面战略伙伴关系确立5周年,双边关系不断实现高水平发展。

Abstract

In 2022,Hungary held both presidential and parliamentary elections,with the ruling party Fidesz(the Federation of Young Democrats-Hungarian Civic Alliance)winning with an overwhelming majority,ensuring political stability within the country. In terms of economy,Hungary experienced strong growth in the first half of the year. However,the country faced a technical recession in the second half of the year due to the impact of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict. In terms of diplomacy and security,Hungary faced ongoing friction with the European Union regarding the rule of law,resulting in the freezing of 22 billion euros in EU funding due to insufficient reforms. In its relationship with Russia,Hungary heavily relied on Russian energy and opposed imposing sanctions,instead seeking to resolve conflicts through negotiations. The Russia-Ukraine Conflict caused strains in Hungary’s relationship with the United States due to its stance towards Russia. Socially and culturally,teacher strikes persisted throughout the year as educators aimed to secure their legal rights and improve wages. In terms of Sino-Hungarian relations,the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Hungary celebrated its fifth anniversary,continuing to achieve high-level development.

作者简介
郭晓晶:郭晓晶,北京外国语大学匈牙利研究中心主任、副教授,主要研究方向为匈牙利语语言文学、中匈文化交流史、匈牙利教育。
王秋萍:王秋萍,国际关系学博士,北京外国语大学匈牙利语讲师,主要研究方向为匈牙利国别研究和中匈关系研究。