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2022年波兰发展报告

文章摘要

2022年,政治方面,波兰出台《保卫祖国法》,大幅提升军队战斗力;俄乌冲突成为国内最重要的政治议题;各党派已经开始为在2023年举行的议会选举做宣传。经济方面,波兰经济陷入技术性衰退,面临较为严重的通货膨胀,但失业率依然保持在欧盟国家中的低水平;经济的“去俄化”和“波兰新政”的落实也成为重点。外交与安全方面,波兰积极联美抗俄,支持乌克兰,同时与欧盟和德国在复苏基金、二战赔款问题上产生嫌隙。社会与文化方面,来自乌克兰的难民、奥德河污染事件、新出台的社会政策成为重点议题。对华关系方面,波兰与中国保持了良好的政治往来和经济合作。

Abstract

In 2022,Poland witnessed significant developments in politics,economy,diplomacy,and society. The implementation of the Homeland Defence Act significantly enhanced the military’s combat capabilities,while the Russia-Ukraine Conflict emerged as the most pressing political issue. Political parties had already begun campaigning for the upcoming parliamentary elections in 2023. Despite facing a technical recession and grappling with significant inflation,Poland maintained a relatively low unemployment rate compared to other EU countries. The focus shifted towards “de-Russification” of the economy and the implementation of the Polish Deal. In terms of diplomacy and security,Poland actively aligned itself with the United States in countering Russia and provided support to Ukraine. However,tensions arose with the European Union and Germany regarding recovery funds and World War II reparations. Socially and culturally,the influx of refugees from Ukraine,the Odra River pollution incident,and the introduction of new social policies became prominent topics of debates. Poland maintained positive political engagement and economic cooperation with China.

作者简介
陈思杨:陈思杨,硕士,中国社会科学院欧洲研究所助理研究员,主要研究方向为中波关系、波兰社会文化。