Since the inception of the Belt and Road Initiative a decade ago，the issue area of health has consistently played a leading role in advancing people-to-people connectivity among countries along the route. China has pursued comprehensive，high-quality，and multi-level international cooperation in health with the countries along the Belt and Road through diverse approaches such as health and medical assistance，the COVID-19 pandemic response，health infrastructure development，medical trade cooperation，and participation in global health governance. The creation of the Silk Road of Health concept has provided new perspectives for strengthening global health cooperation，thereby enriching the connotation of the Belt and Road. It has propelled the global health agenda towards greater openness，inclusivity，and universality. This report categorizes the cooperation in the field of health under the Belt and Road into three distinct stages：the exploratory stage，the acceleration stage，and the deepening stage. Moreover，it conducts an in-depth analysis of the primary areas of cooperation，major risks，and recommendations for improvement.