九一八事变后,日本海军遣员赶赴中国东北,设立“满洲海军特设机关”,负责调查水路及矿产资源、劝降并整训原东北江防舰队、指挥松花江派遣队协助关东军镇压抗日武装,并从事谍报活动。在日本政府以“满洲经营”为“国策”的大背景下,海军为谋求自身利益最大化,于1933年以天皇敕令的形式将特设机关改为拥有独立用兵权、全权负责伪满海军与相关事务的驻满海军部。通过该部门的活动,日本海军在中国东北攫取到大量利益。1938年,日本海军以完成在伪满洲国任务为由撤销该部门,这一决定不仅考虑到在侵华战争长期化的状态下,拥有独立指挥权的驻满海军部可能与关东军发生摩擦,更深层次上是根据海军自身情况和战略布局作出的必要安排。
After the September 18th Incident,the Japanese Navy sent Seizaburou Kobayashi and others to Northeast China for coordinating with the Kwantung Army. And then the Naval Ad Hoc Office of Manchukuo was set up to explore water and mineral resources,persuade and train the former Northeast River Defense Fleet,command the “Japanese Navy Songhua River Rangers” to assist the Kwantung Army in suppressing the Anti Japanese armed forces. Under the background that the Japanese government took “Manchuria management” as the national policy,the Japanese Navy changed the Ad Hoc Office into the Imperial Japanese Naval Station in Manchukuo with independent military power and full responsibility for the Manchukuo Navy and related affairs,in the form of an imperial decree of the Japanese emperor in 1933. Through a series of activities of this Station,the Japanese Navy has temporarily realized its purpose of “Manchuria operation”. In 1938,the Japanese Navy revoked the Station on the grounds of completing its mission in the Manchukuo. This decision not only considered that under the long-term war of aggression against China,the Imperial Japanese Naval Station in Manchukuo with independent command might cause friction with the Kwantung Army,but also made necessary arrangements according to the Japanese Navy’s own situation and strategic layout at a deeper level.
| Keywords: | Imperial Japanese NavyThe Imperial Japanese Naval Station in Manchukuo“Manchuria Management”The Imperial Japanese Naval Ad Hoc Office in Manchukuo |